Chemical reactions in the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the human respiratory tract result in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to oxidative stress and adverse health effects.
Our kinetic multilayer model simulates the effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone (O₃), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) on ROS formation, interconversion, and reactivity, to obtain proxies for oxidative stress such as cumulative production of ROS or hydroxyl radical (OH).
Lelieveld et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. 55.20: 14069-14079, 2021